Explain6 marksChallenge
A researcher investigated the uptake of a sugar, glucoside X, into root cells of a plant. The rate of uptake was measured under different conditions. The results are shown in the table:
| Condition | Rate of uptake (arbitrary units) |
|---|---|
| Aerobic (with oxygen) | 120 |
| Anaerobic (without oxygen) | 45 |
| Aerobic + ATP synthesis inhibitor | 45 |
The researcher concluded that glucoside X can enter root cells by both facilitated diffusion and active transport.
Explain how the evidence supports this conclusion, and describe the differences between facilitated diffusion and active transport in terms of energy requirement, movement relative to concentration gradient, and the role of carrier proteins.