Table 1 shows the relative activity of β-galactosidase in cultures of E. coli grown in the presence and absence of lactose.
| Growth condition | Relative β-galactosidase activity |
|---|---|
| without lactose | 0 |
| with lactose | 100 |
Outline how the lac operon controls the production of β-galactosidase in E. coli. In your answer, refer to the roles of structural genes and regulatory genes.