CAIE A Level Biology 9700 · Selection and evolution

Selection and evolution: explain question

Explain4 marksStandard

In a study of flower petal length, samples were taken from a wild population and a cultivated population of the same plant species. The data are shown below.

PopulationSample sizeMean petal length (cm)Standard deviation
Wild103.20.40
Cultivated104.10.45

The t-test formula is: t=xˉ1−xˉ2s12n1+s22n2t = \frac{\bar{x}_1 - \bar{x}_2}{\sqrt{\frac{s_1^2}{n_1} + \frac{s_2^2}{n_2}}}

A student calculated the t-value as 4.63. The critical value for a two-tailed test at the 5% significance level with 18 degrees of freedom is 2.10.

Explain what this result indicates about the variation in petal length between the two populations. Refer to the concepts of continuous variation and the roles of genetic and environmental factors in your answer.

0 words · 4 marks

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