CAIE A Level Chemistry 9701 · Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry

Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry: compare question

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Hydrated iron(II) sulfate, FeSOX4 ⋅ 7 HX2O\ce{FeSO4.7H2O}, is a pale green crystalline solid. On strong heating it changes to anhydrous iron(II) sulfate, a white solid. Both solids dissolve in water to give the same pale green solution.

Compare the hydrated salt with the anhydrous salt. In your answer include:

  • the meaning of the terms hydrated, anhydrous and water of crystallisation;
  • a balanced equation, with state symbols, for the change on heating;
  • an explanation of why FeSOX4\ce{FeSO4} is described as an empirical formula rather than a molecular formula;
  • the ionic equation, excluding spectator ions and with state symbols, for the reaction of either salt with aqueous sodium hydroxide, and why the two salts give the same ionic equation.
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