A student investigates the reaction of magnesium with steam. A sample of magnesium ribbon is heated strongly in a stream of steam. The student observes a bright white flame and a white solid is formed.
(a) Write an equation for the reaction of magnesium with steam.
(b) The student repeats the experiment with calcium. Predict, with a reason, how the vigour of the reaction with steam compares with that of magnesium.
(c) The student also heats a sample of magnesium carbonate strongly. State what is observed and write an equation for the reaction. Explain, in terms of the metal ion, why magnesium carbonate is less thermally stable than barium carbonate.