CAIE A Level Chemistry 9701 · Organic synthesis

Organic synthesis: compare question

Compare5 marksStandard

A student plans to prepare the compound methyl 3-oxobutanoate, CHX3COCHX2COX2CHX3\ce{CH3COCH2CO2CH3}, which contains both a ketone and an ester group. Two routes are proposed.

Route 1: CHX3COCHX3\ce{CH3COCH3} is treated with ClX2\ce{Cl2} in the presence of NaOH\ce{NaOH} to give CHX3COCHX2Cl\ce{CH3COCH2Cl}. This is then reacted with KCN\ce{KCN}, followed by acidic hydrolysis and then esterification with methanol.

Route 2: CHX3COX2CHX3\ce{CH3CO2CH3} is treated with CHX3COCl\ce{CH3COCl} in the presence of AlClX3\ce{AlCl3}.

Compare the two routes in terms of the type of reaction occurring in each step, the reagents and conditions needed, and any likely by-products. State, with a reason, whether each route can succeed.

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5 marks, so the mark scheme is looking for about 5 separate creditworthy points. Making the same point twice in different words earns it once.

Compare means: Give similarities or differences between two things, and say which side each point belongs to. Write each point as a pair, for example: A is X, whereas B is Y. Two separate descriptions rarely earn the marks.

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