CAIE A Level Chemistry 9701 · Carbonyl compounds

Carbonyl compounds: describe question

Describe5 marksStandard

A student oxidises ethanol by heating it with acidified potassium dichromate(KX2CrX2OX7\ce{K2Cr2O7}) and distilling off the product as it forms. The distillate is collected and tested with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) reagent, giving an orange precipitate.

(a) State the reagent and conditions needed to oxidise ethanol to ethanal. (b) State the reagent and conditions needed to reduce ethanal back to ethanol. (c) The student adds hydrogen cyanide (HCN\ce{HCN}) to the ethanal, with a trace of potassium cyanide (KCN\ce{KCN}) as catalyst, and warms the mixture. State the type of reaction and the structure of the organic product formed.

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5 marks, so the mark scheme is looking for about 5 separate creditworthy points. Making the same point twice in different words earns it once.

Describe means: Say what happens or what something is like, in order and with detail. You are not being asked why. If there is data, quote it: name the trend, then give figures with units at the points where it changes.

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