CAIE A Level Chemistry 9701 · Chemistry of transition elements

Chemistry of transition elements: describe question

Describe5 marksChallenge

In the Contact process, VX2OX5\ce{V2O5} is used as a catalyst for the oxidation of SOX2\ce{SO2} to SOX3\ce{SO3}.

(a) State the two features of a transition element that allow it to behave as a catalyst.

(b) The vanadium in VX2OX5\ce{V2O5} is in oxidation state +5. During the catalytic cycle it is reduced to VOX2\ce{VO2} and then re-oxidised back to VX2OX5\ce{V2O5}. Explain, in terms of oxidation states, why this allows vanadium to act as a catalyst.

(c) Explain why transition elements form complex ions, referring to the electronic structure of the metal ion.

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Describe means: Say what happens or what something is like, in order and with detail. You are not being asked why. If there is data, quote it: name the trend, then give figures with units at the points where it changes.

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