Explain4 marksStandard
The table below shows four structural features of a typical plant cell, as observed using an electron microscope.
| Structural feature | Function |
|---|---|
| Cell wall composed of cellulose microfibrils | Provides mechanical strength and prevents lysis under turgor pressure |
| Large permanent vacuole surrounded by a tonoplast | Maintains turgor pressure; stores cell sap and pigments |
| Chloroplast containing thylakoid membranes stacked into grana | Site of photosynthesis; grana increase surface area for light absorption and electron transport |
| Plasmodesmata (cytoplasmic channels through cell walls) | Allow direct communication and transport of substances between adjacent plant cells |
Explain how each structural feature is adapted to its function.